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Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/index.php/JSMaP
e-ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 01 Issue 03
April 2015
Available online: http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/ P a g e | 39
Utilization of Textile Cloth Waste in Clay Brick
Lalitha sree. S1, Shanmugapriya. M2, Kavipriya.P3, Soundharya. V4, Pavithra. S5,uma
sankar.K6
1,2,3,4,5 Second Year Civil Engineering students, Knowledge Institute of
Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India-638183
6Assistant Professor, Knowledge Institute of Technology, Civil Engineering
Department, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India-638183
ABSTRACT:
Textile is out of three basic needs
of human being. Clothes are converted in
apparel by garmenting and huge quantity
of waste is generated. The used thrown
apparel also found in very large quantity.
Textile fabric is woven not only by
interlacing natural fibres but also with
synthetic fibres and terminology is a
blended fabric, means natural fibers and
manmade fibers are used together because
of which clothes cannot be 100 %
biodegradable and can cause hazardous
effects to environment. This paper presents
a parametric experimental study, by
utilization of fabric waste in brick
manufacturing which investigates the
potential use of PV (polyster-viscous), PC
(polyster-cotton), polyster (100%) and
combination with increasing weight of
said blends for producing building
material. The physical and mechanical
properties of bricks are investigated. The
study reflects some positivity by using
textile fabric waste in compressive
strength, water absorption of bricks as
well as environmental friendly use of said
material, which in detail discuss in paper.
Keywords: Clay brick, apparel waste,
compressive strength, water absorption,
density
1.INTRODUCTION
Burnt clay bricks are most utilizing
brick in construction world. Since the
large demand has been placed on building
material industry especially in the last
decade owing to the increasing population,
which causes a chronic shortage of
building materials the civil engineers have
been challenged to convert the industrial
wastes to useful building and construction
materials. Accumulation of unmanaged
wastes especially in developing countries
has resulted in an increase environmental
concern. Recycling of such wastes as
building materials appears to be viable
solution not only to such pollution
problem but also to the problem of
economical design of buildings. The
increase in the popularity of using
environmental friendly, low cost,
lightweight and sustainable construction
materials in building industry has increase.
It is reported that the requirement of bricks
for construction activity amounts to be
more than 140 billion numbers annually
[1].Many researcher have been made
attempts to incorporate waste in the
production of bricks; for instance, the use
of paper processing residues, cigarette
butts, fly ash, textile effluent treatment
plant (ETP) sludge, polystyrene foam,
plastic fiber, straw, polystyrene fabric,
cotton waste, dried sludge collected from
an industrial wastewater treatment plant,
rice husk ash, granulated blast furnace
slag, rubber, Kraft pulp production
residue, limestone dust and wood sawdust,
processed waste tea, petroleum effluent
treatment plant sludge, welding flux slag
and waste paper pulp [2],Cotton and
limestone powder wastes [3] and also
textile waste utilize; for instance; the
textile material is being used for thermal
insulating building material in civil
engineering [4].The current era, is
concerned about environment
Page 2 of 5
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/index.php/JSMaP
e-ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 01 Issue 03
April 2015
Available online: http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/ P a g e | 40
sustainability and material produced
should be environ-friendly. The non- degradable used material utilized for
utility based product. The garmenting
waste is utilized as a filler material which
may not have an engineering innovated
utility based production material. The
study attempts to utilize the blended and
100% natural and synthetic fabric waste in
conventional brunt clay brick for
innovation in technologies as building
construction material. An effort being
taken to incorporate inside the clay a
textile waste and to reform innovative
brick.
2.EXPERIMENTAL
MATERIALS
The physical properties of polyester stands
better in strength and luster are more
prominent as compare to cotton; whereas
the moisture absorption is less in polyster
as compare to cotton and viscous [5-6].
Fabric prepared by blending two fibres
together for compensating and balancing
their physical, chemical and thermal nature
of fibers. Now a day for suiting and
shirting PV, PC and polyster blends being
consumed more. It is difficult for polyster
fabrics to re-use after tearing apparels
where as cotton can utilized as scrubber.
Polyster is not only use in textile but also
in plastics which is current concern of
pollution and non degradable material
cause problem to environment.
FIGURE 1 : POLESTER COTTONS
In this study the material used
waste sample of apparel; cut in to small
pieces. Polyster 100% pure form (see fig.1
a) as well as PC (see fig.1 b) having blend
percentage 85-15 (i.e.85 % polyster and
15% cotton) and PV (see fig.1 c) having
blends percentage 65-35 (i.e.65 % polyster
and 35% viscous). This blending
percentage in used fabric samples drawn
as per quantitative analysis of fibre
mixtures method [7].The physical
properties of fibres are given in Table 1.
TABLE 1
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TEXTILE BRICKS
Sr.No. Type of Fibre
Specific
Gravity Fibre Tenacities Moisture regain (%)
1 Cotton 1.50 3.0-5.0 gpd 7
2 Viscous 1.52 1.5-2.4 gpd 11
3 Polyster 1.38 2.5-8.9 gpd 0.4
2.MIXING AND FABRICATION OF BRICKS
Twelve different types of mixtures
are prepared at site; trials out of them one
set was regular without fabrics prepared.
The details of fabrics mixes with clay
brick are given in Table 2. All bricks
prepared are according to the
specifications of IS 1077 [8]. The waste
apparels are cut in small pieces (see fig.1).
Then said fabric are wetted with water (see
fig. 2 a) and mixed with clay (see fig 2 b)
and placed in mould (see fig 2 c). The
mixes were prepared with increasing
weight in each mix. The blended bricks
are burnt at site; that the fabric material
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Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/index.php/JSMaP
e-ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 01 Issue 03
April 2015
Available online: http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/ P a g e | 41
burnt/melt and try to get mixed
homogeneously with clay. Three sample
of each mix were prepared at site and
brought to laboratory for testing.
FIGURE 2 : POLESTER COTTONS
MIXING.
2.TESTING AND RESULTS
TABLE 2: MIX CONSTITUENTS
Sample Constituent Weight
No. Gms
A1 P/C 20
A2 P/C 40
A3 P/C 60
B1 P/V 20
B2 P/V 40
B3 P/V 60
P1 POLYSTER 20
P2 POLYSTER 40
P3 POLYSTER 60
M1 P/V+P/C+POLY 40
M2 P/V+P/C+POLY 60
Regular ---- ---
TABLE 3: TEST RESULTS
Sample Compressive Water Density Strength absorption 3
No. (N/mm2
) (%) (kN/m )
A1 4.89 14.01 16.18
A2 3.895 15.84 15.43
A3 3.99 17.245 14.37
B1 4.705 14.71 15.07
B2 3.7 16 14.81
B3 3.005 16.19 14.37
P1 3.83 16.1 14.9
P2 3.55 15.38 15.12
P3 3.96 15.56 15.78
M1 3.75 15.38 14.55
M2 3.68 16.805 15.295
Regular 3.5 20.435 13.135
3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Table 3 shows the results of the
compressive strength values obtained from
the testes. The average compressive
strength values are found increasing
comparing with regular bricks. Up to 20
grams addition of PC, PV and Polyster
gives increasing values. The strength
dramatically decreases with an increase
weight of PC, PV and Polyster. A 79%
reduction in the strength of control mix is
