Page 1 of 12

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/index.php/JSMaP

e-ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 01 Issue 02

March 2015

Available online: http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/ P a g e | 206

Decision Making Based on Management Information

System and Decision Support System

1- Dr. Şükrü Ada. 2- Dr. Ersin Karaman. 3- Mohsen Ghaffarzadeh

1-Associate Professor of Educational Management; Inspection, Planning, Economy, Ataturk University, Turkey

sukruada@atauni.edu

2-Associate Professor of Management Information Systems, Ataturk University, Turkey

karamanersin@gmail.com

3-PhD Student of Management Information Systems, Ataturk University, Turkey

ghaffarzadeh.1361@gnail.com

Abstract:

Information has become an essential resource

for managing modern organizations. This is so

because today’s business environment is

volatile, dynamic, turbulent and necessitates

the burgeoning demand for accurate, relevant,

complete, timely and economical information

needed to drive the decision-making process

in order to accentuate organizational abilities

to manage opportunities and threat. MIS work

on online mode with an average processing

speed. Generally, it is used by low level

management. Decision support system are

powerful tool that assist corporate executives,

administrators and other senior officials in

making decision regarding the problem.

Management Information Systems is a useful

tool that provided organized and summarized

information in a proper time to decision

makers and enable making accurate decision

for managers in organizations. This paper will

discuss the concept, characteristics, types of

MIS, the MIS model, and in particular it will

highlight the impact and role of MIS on

decision making.

Key words:

Management Information Systems, Decision

Support Systems, Decision-making

1. Introduction

Number of authors has discussed the role of

information system in decision making,

Kostetsky was one of the first authors who

wrote about the relationship between

information systems, system analyst and

decision making in 1966. Management

information system provides knowledge about

the relative position of the organization and

basic forces at work. It provides the right

information needed in decision making

process and help the organizations control,

planning and operational functions to be

carried out effectively (Leonard, 2008).

Furthermore, Ajayi, I. A. and Omirin,

Fadekem investigated the use of management

information systems in decision-making on

long-term planning, short-term planning and

budgeting in the South-West Nigerian

Universities. A stratified random sampling

technique was used to collect data and

conclude that that there was a significant

difference in the use of MIS for decision

making on budgeting between Federal and

State universities in favor of the Federal

universities. The authors recommend that the

MIS units should be adequately financed and

maintained to ensure a free flow of

Page 2 of 12

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/index.php/JSMaP

e-ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 01 Issue 02

March 2015

Available online: http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/ P a g e | 207

information and adequate use of MIS in

decision-making on short-term and long-term

planning as well as budgeting. Ali Safari and

Asefeh Asemi have discussed two main

information systems, namely, MIS and DSS,

its characteristics, relations, and connections

of each concept to decision-making process.

Srinivas Nowduri has the same consumption

about the relationship between MIS and

decision making. Decision making process

and its impact on top level management in a

business organization was explained also with

an emphasis on automated decision making.

The study found that the dynamic nature of

MIS makes it difficult for some organizations

to keep up with the principles, strategies,

propositions or even ideas. Barry Chris,

provide added a new conceptual framework

for decision making and information systems

development, same as another authors who

analyzed the role of MIS in decision

making. A framework was developed,

combining an analysis of decision making

within the systems development life cycle, key

models of decision-making and the actors

involved in the process of systems

development. Barry Chris concludes that a

deeper understanding of differing viewpoints

on systems development held by actors and

other phenomena can be illustrated with the

framework. George Huber also draws a

theory of effects of advanced information

technologies on organizational design,

intelligent and decision making, the theory

studied the effects that computer- assisted

communication and decision aiding

technologies have on organizational design

and decision making. Humber focuses on

technology that affects the quality and

timelines of decision making from one side

and from the other side has prompted changes

in organizational design. On the other hand

Felix Alvarado in his study " Complementary

uses of Information Systems in Decision

Making, Planning and Democracy: An

Example in the Education Sector" describes

the ongoing implementation of web

intelligence tools in public education and

other policy sectors in Guatemala. Software

tools were developed for use in business was

adopted for planning and decision making in

public institutions. The study summarizes the

salient aspects of the experience so far of

implementing and expanding what has been

called the “Platform for Integrated Social

Information,” It discusses the issues this

Platform raises as a resource for improved

public decision making, policy analysis and

especially, as a promising but challenging tool

for democracy in the education sector.

However, the world health organization has

introduced a report by who study group it

was about the role of research and information

systems in decision making for the

development of human resource for health, the

study identified a number of problems and

noted causes of these problems such as

inefficient data definition and, lack of relevant

information and poor coordination of available

information on the other hand the study

identified a positive factors that prompt

decision making such as problem awareness

and easy availability of presented

information. The study group emphasized that

strengthening decision making in the

development of human resource of health,

by linking information and research to

decision making and prompting relevant

information requires a coordinated approach.

Information System

Information system are constantly changing

and evolving as technology continue to grow

.Basically we have many types of information

system like management information system

, decision support System , transaction

processing system, expert system .But we

Page 3 of 12

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/index.php/JSMaP

e-ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 01 Issue 02

March 2015

Available online: http://internationaljournalofresearch.org/ P a g e | 208

discuss management information system and

decision support system. In Management

information system these system assist

lower level management in problem solving

and making decision ( Manian,2011). They

use the result of transaction processing and

some other information also. It is a set of

information processing functions. It should

handle queries as quilt as they arrive. An

important element of management

information system is database .In decision

support system, they assist higher

management to make long term decisions.

These types of systems handle unstructured or

semi structured decision .A decision is

considered unstructured if there are no clear

procedure for making the decision and if not

all the factor to be considered in the decision

can be readily identified in advance. The

decision support system these are not of

recurring nature. Some recur infrequently or

occur only once. A decision support system

must very flexible .The user should be able to

produce customized reports by giving

particular data and format specific to particular

situations. There are different views in

determining the types of information

systems and their classifications. But in most

categories, with titles such as: (Laudon and

Laudon, 2009)

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

This is also referred to as data processing

system. It performs the essential role of

collecting and processing the daily

transactions of the organization. They serve

at operational levels of the organization.

Examples of transactions include purchase

payroll, reservation, invoices, payments,

shipping, registrations, orders and sales.

Expert System (Specialist) (ES)

This is an extension of the decision support

system. It is a programmed decision-making

information system that captures and

reproduces the knowledge and expertise of

experts and then simulates the thinking or

actions of that expert to help users with less

expertise. These applications are implemented

with Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology.

Artificial intelligence is a computer-based

technology that has the ability to behave like

humans, learn languages and emulate human

expertise and decision-making.

Office Automation System (OAS)

This system supports a wide range of business

activities. Office systems are applications

designed to improve workflow and

communicate among workers regardless of

their physical locations. Typical office system

handles and manages document (through word

processing, desktop publishing,

document imaging and digital filings),

scheduling (through electronic calendars)

and communication (through electronic mail,

voice mail and video conferencing).

Personal and Work Group Information

Systems (WGSS)

Personal information system is the system

designed to meet the needs of a single user

while work group system is designed to meet

the needs of a workgroup and to increase

the productivity of the group.

Management Information System

(MIS)

The Management Information System (MIS)

is a concept of the last decade or two. It

has been understood and described in a

number ways. It is also known as the

Information System, the Information and

Decision System, the Computer- based

information System( Davis & Geist, 2004).

Definition of Management Information