Page 1 of 15

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at https://pen2print.org/index.php/jsmap/

ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 04 Issue 11

November 2018

Available online: https://pen2print.org/index.php/jsmap/ P a g e | 20

Analysis of energy consumption for Residential Buildings under

Mediterranean climate Conditions

H.Kadraoui a S.M.A. Bekkouche b

,

a

University of Tlemcen, BP. 119, Tlemcen R.p. 13000 Algeria

b Unité de Recherche Appliquée en Energies Renouvelables, URAER, Centre de Développement des

Energies Renouvelables, CDER, 47133, Ghardaïa, Algeria

Corresponding author: H.Kadraoui

E-mail address: hkadraoui @yahoo.fr

Tel: 213 772 98 15 73

Abstract: the objective of these studies is to diagnose and quantify energy consumptions of a

real residential building in Tlemcen site under Mediterranean climate conditions. The

followed method is based on an integrating approach for assessing the heating and cooling

energy performance, the production of domestic hot water, free and internal loads related to

lighting, occupants and equipment are not considered. Statistics of weather are devoted to

calculate the annual heating and cooling requirements, based on climate data from 2014. We

are also interested in a technical and economic study to determine the corresponding energy

cost.

As results, this residential building is not affordable to live in. Facade walls, roof and ground

are the major sources of heat losses in buildings (more than 70% of the total losses). The

evaluation served as a basic survey to build ecological and bioclimatic houses adapted to the

region's climate. The integration of passive and active architectural concepts is an absolute

necessity to improve the building's energy performance.

Keywords: losses, diagnostic, energy needs, economic study.

1. Introduction

In Algeria the building sector accounts for around 36% of the total energy consumption

[1], so energy efficiency of buildings, which means providing minimum energy consumption

in order to achieve the optimum comfort of living and use of the building, is very important.

Energy consumption of a building depends on its characteristics (shape and structural

materials), installed energy systems (heating system, cooling system, ventilation, electrical

devices and lighting used), as well as climatic conditions of the region where it is located.

Energy analysis is the basis for any action to improve the energy performance of the building,

so if we act on the heat losses and thermal gains of the building, we can reduce the energy

consumption of this sector.

Page 2 of 15

Journal for Studies in Management and Planning

Available at https://pen2print.org/index.php/jsmap/

ISSN: 2395-0463

Volume 04 Issue 11

November 2018

Available online: https://pen2print.org/index.php/jsmap/ P a g e | 21

A calculation method, simplified but sensitive to a large number of parameters, is used in this

study. The 3CL method [2] was chosen because it is used for DEP. The diagnosis of the

energy performance of a building (DEP) is a study that provides information on the amount of

energy actually consumed or estimated in terms of heating and cooling related to thermal

comfort. The evaluation of the energy demand requires taking into account the difference in

temperature between the indoor and outdoor environment, or the temperature varies from one

place to another. Different simplified methods have been developed to evaluate the demand

for heating and cooling as the degree-day method [3]. The concept relies mainly on the

temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature,

multiplied by the duration of the temperature difference. The heating degree days method is a

method that requires a number of data to estimate a building's energy needs, and also helps to

identify the impact of integrating energy efficiency measures into a building especially at the

level of the envelope (insulation of walls, roofs, glazing rate ...).

In agreement with a number of experts, large-scale energy conservation would lead to the

construction of energy-efficient buildings. These high-performance buildings reduce

greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants [4]. In addition, some relevant documents led to a

thorough diagnosis of energy needs to maintain a comfortable temperature. In [5], the authors

were interested in the study of thermal comfort and energy consumption in a cold

environment. They opted for a valuation model of a new index called CEP "Corrective

Energy & Power". In another work, Hongting et al. [6] analyzed the main factors that could

affect the characteristics of the building's energy consumption. The results led to the

conclusion that the building envelope, lighting and air conditioning are the main factors. In

the literature, some methods have been proposed to estimate heating and cooling energy

requirements. Liu Yang, et al [7] used the OTTV (Total Thermal Transfer Value) method and

the technical degree-days method for the analysis of heating and cooling requirements. habitat

in 5 sites in China, representing the five major climatic zones. Different designs of the

building envelope were studied and heat gains in the building during the warmest four months

were estimated. In the contribution [8], the proposed model of energy balance allowing to

estimate the monthly and annual energy consumptions of an agricultural studio in the Saharan

climatic conditions. The results indicated that the application of external insulation on facades

and roofs can allow a 56.05% reduction in energy loads over a thickness of 6 cm. Priority has