Page 1 of 13
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 10
September 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 89
Relationship Between The Technology Leadership, Ict Facilitation,
Competency, Commitments With Effectiveness Of Teacher
Management In School: Teachers Ict Practices As Moderating Factor
Som bint Shariff Ph.D & Arumugam Raman Ph.D
1
Institut Aminuddin Baki
2Universiti Utara Malaysia
som@iab.edu.my & arumugam@uum.edu.my
Abstract
The previous review of the study addresses the
level of technology leadership practices
implemented in schools and the characteristics
of the leadership of technology practiced by
principals in schools, while facilitation factors,
teacher competence, teacher commitment in
applying computer and management practices
that affect the tasks of the school, management
tasks in schools have not yet been reviewed in
Malaysia. Therefore, this study was conducted
to identify the relationship between technology
leadership, ICT facilitation, competence,
commitment of teachers to implement ICT with
the effectiveness of teacher management tasks in
schools using ICT. In addition, teachers'
computer practices in performing management
tasks in schools as moderator. Respondents of
the study consisted of teachers who were in
charge of the selected school. A total of 370
teachers in secondary schools in Kedah who
were randomly selected were involved in the
study. Respondents have assessed the aspects of
ICT leadership principals and facilitation in
school. Respondents also made self-assessment
on the competence and self-commitment of
applying the computer as well as evaluating the
effectiveness of ICT implementation in carrying
out school management tasks through
questionnaires certified by experts. The findings
show that there is a significant relationship
between technology leadership, ICT facilitation
in school, competency and commitment of
teachers using ICT with the effectiveness of
teachers' role of using ICT in management at
school. The role of teacher practice using ICT
as a moderator is that there is a significant
relationship with ICT facilitation. The model of
this study can be used as a guideline in
implementing ICT in the education system in
order to be more effective especially in school
management systems.
Keywords: technology leadership, ICT
facilitation, competence, commitment,
effectiveness of service
Introduction
Information and Communication Technology or
Information Communications Technology (ICT)
is something that thrived in the era of
globalization and become an important element
in the development of the organization. ICT is
an undeniable tool for an organization to remain
competitive and play an efficient and effective
role (Almalki & Williams, 2012). Seamless ICT
management has a significant impact on the
organization. Well organized ICT management
can generate useful input not only to managers,
but also to benefit the entire organization and to
increase organizational productivity as it enables
all parties to get up-to-date information quickly.
According to Diez and Mcintosh (2009), the
platform of achieving various information
through ICT is an important asset and has a
Page 2 of 13
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 10
September 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 90
significant impact on organizational
productivity.
According to Vanderlinde, Van and Hermans
(2009), a robust ICT planning and management
are a driving force for the success of ICT
integration within the organization. Well
planned and organized ICT management are
beneficial to the entire organization while
inadequate management negatively impacts as
well as burdening the organization. Schools that
successfully integrate ICT effectively are
schools with comprehensive planning guidelines
and policies that involve all parties. School
leaders and teachers play an important role in
ensuring the effectiveness of ICT integration in
schools.
Computers are one of the most important
information technology tools today. By using a
computer, data is not only processed for
information, but is used to record, store, process,
recall, analyze, transmit, resubmit and receive
information. Through computer, many of the
knowledge can be gained through internet
channels. Programs that have been programmed
can help and facilitate the user to perform tasks
including tasks in management and teaching and
learning at school. According to Turban and
Aronson (2007), the use of computer-generated
data and information becomes an important
resource for supporting organizational
management. So computer technology is
something that is important in the education
world today.
The optimum benefits of ICT integration,
especially computer technology in schools, are
largely dependent on the manager's sensitivity to
the developments in this technology (Ab Aziz
Yusof, Norashidah Hashim & Ooi Yeng Keat,
2004). The same opinion was also presented by
Simkins (2004) and Sim (2011), efficient school
leadership can determine the quality of school
development and the support of the
administration affects the management of
technology at school. Without an important role
played by principals as a technology leader in
school as well as the high competence and
commitment of teachers will affect the
implementation of every ICT innovation done at
school. The study conducted by Tan (2013) in
Taiwan showed that there was a positive
relationship with performance expectation
(competence), business expectation
(commitment), social influence (technology
leadership) and ICT facilitative with the level of
ICT usage in schools.
Various management tasks have been carried out
by teachers in schools including data entry
through the Executive Comprehensive System
(SME), School Examination Analysis System
(SAPS), Students’ Disciplinery System (SSDM)
and others. These teachers management task
became increasingly challenging as the Ministry
of Education Malaysia introduced the School- Based Assessment System (PBS) in 2011. This
PBS system involved many data entry through
the users. The computer is said to be an
information management tool that provides a lot
of opportunities in collecting and managing
various assessment data (Osman Width, 2011).
Teachers feel overwhelmed with these necessary
management tasks. Without the high
competence and commitment and perfect
facilitation from teachers the implementation
any innovation will be affected.
Based on above statement, it is appropriate to
conduct a study to find out to what extent is the
relationship between the level of technology
leadership practices by principals, ICT
facilitation in school, teachers competence and
commitment towards the effectiveness of using
Page 3 of 13
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/
ISSN: 2395-0463
Volume 03 Issue 10
September 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ P a g e | 91
ICT in school based on teacher assessment in
school. This is in line with the government's
goal of improving productivity, excellence and
effectiveness in the management system using
ICT. A more holistic approach involves aspects
of technological leadership, ICT facilitation,
teacher practice and job-effectiveness need to be
identified to transform technology into
educational organizations so that
implementation can be carried out more
effectively.
Research Objectives
The specific objectives of the study are:
i. To identify the relationship between the
technology leadership factor with the
effectiveness of school management
tasks Using ICT.
ii. To identify the relationship between
influence of computer technology
facilitative with the effectiveness of
school management tasks Using ICT.
iii. To identify the relationship between
teachers’ competency in using computer
technology with the effectiveness of
school management tasks Using ICT.
iv. To identify the relationship between
teachers' commitment to apply computer
technology with the effectiveness of
school management tasks Using ICT.
v. To identify the role of the moderator
variable, the practices that teachers have
done in carrying out management tasks
using computers with leadership
influences, ICT facilitation, competence
and commitment of teachers towards the
effectiveness of management tasks in
schools using ICT.
HYPOTHETICAL STUDIES
Based on literature reviews and previous studies
on technology implementation in schools and
their relevance to technology leadership, ICT
facilitation in schools, especially computer
technology, teachers' competence and
commitment to apply computer technology as
well as the practices that teachers have done on
computer management tasks , The hypotheses
are presented as follows:
Hypothesis 1: There is a relationship between
technology leadership and the effectiveness of
teacher-management tasks using computers.
Hypothesis 2: There is a relationship between
the ICT facilitation and the effectiveness of
teacher-management tasks using computers.
Hypothesis 3: There is a relationship between
teacher competence to apply computer with the
effectiveness of teacher's management tasks
using computer.
Hypothesis 4: There is a relationship between
the commitment of a teacher to apply a
computer with the effectiveness of a teacher's
management function using a computer.
Hypothesis 5: Teacher practices apply computer
in management tasks to moderate the
relationship between technology leadership and
the effectiveness of teacher-management tasks
using computers.
This study doesn't only take into account the role
played by technology leadership by principals,
ICT facilitative and competence and
commitment of teachers in performing their
duties using computers in school but also the
effectiveness of the project outcomes using a
computer. In this study, the Unified Theory of
Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)
by Venkatesh et al. (2005) has been adopted
which relates to the factors that influence the
