Page 1 of 10
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning ISSN: 2395-0463
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ Volume 03 Issue 04
March 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ Page 83
Eradicate Poverty and Transform Economies through Sustainable Development: A Review
Rekha Rai
Research Scholar, Department of Geography
Government Bilasa Girls Post Graduate College Bilaspur Chhattisgarh
Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms
everywhere
Giving people in every part of the world the
support they need to lift themselves out of
poverty in all its manifestations is the very
essence of sustainable development. Goal 1
focuses on ending poverty through
interrelated strategies, including the
promotion of social protection systems,
decent employment and building the
resilience of the poor.
Eradicating all forms of poverty is at the core
of sustainable development. Poverty
encompasses deprivation in many domains,
including income, hunger, poor health, social
exclusion, discrimination and lack of access
to basic services. At the same time,
deprivations in any one of these domains can
in turn exacerbate the depth or duration of
deprivations in one or more of the others.
Around the world, one’s home is a key asset
for stored wealth. Preliminary analysis of
data from selected countries finds that women
possess less wealth in dwellings than men. In
Uganda and Mongolia, for example, fewer
women than men own dwellings, with
women representing only 35 per cent and 37
per cent of homeowners, respectively. In
KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa,
nearly half of women own their own homes,
but their dwellings have less monetary value
than men’s, accounting for only about one
third of the total value of dwelling wealth.
Building the resilience of the poor and
strengthening disaster risk reduction are key
strategies for ending extreme poverty in the
most afflicted countries. Economic losses
from natural hazards are now reaching an
average of 250 billion to 300 billion US
dollars a year.
Most poor people remain outside social
protection systems, especially in poorer
countries: about one in five people receive
any type of benefit in low-income countries
Page 2 of 10
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning ISSN: 2395-0463
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ Volume 03 Issue 04
March 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ Page 84
compared with two in three in upper-middle- income countries.
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security
and improved nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture
Goal 2 addresses a fundamental human
need—access to nutritious, healthy food, and
the means by which it can be sustainably
secured for everyone. Tackling hunger cannot
be addressed by increasing food production
alone. Well-functioning markets, increased
incomes for smallholder farmers, equal
access to technology and land, and additional
investments all play a role in creating a
vibrant and productive agricultural sector that
builds food security.
In 2016, an estimated 155 million children
under age 5 were stunted (low height for their
age), 52 million were suffering from wasting
(low weight for their height), and 41 million
were overweight. Globally, the stunting rate
fell from 33 per cent in 2000 to 23 per cent in
2016.
However, more than 790 million people still
lack regular access to adequate food. If
current trends continue, the zero hunger
targets will be largely missed by 2030. The
persistence of hunger is no longer a matter of
food availability. Rather, in many countries
that failed to reach the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) hunger target,
natural and human-induced\ disasters or
political instability have resulted in food
insecurity affecting large swathes of the
population.
Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote
well-being for all at all ages
Goal 3 addresses all major health priorities
and calls for improving reproductive,
maternal and child health; ending
communicable diseases; reducing non- communicable diseases and other health
hazards; and ensuring universal access to
safe, effective, quality and affordable
medicines and vaccines as well as health
coverage.
The period between 2000 and 2015 saw a 46
per cent reduction in HIV incidence; a 17 per
cent decline in the incidence of tuberculosis;
a 41 per cent decrease in the incidence of
malaria; and a 21 per cent drop in people
requiring mass or individual treatment and
care for neglected tropical diseases.
Globally in 2015, approximately three in four
Page 3 of 10
Journal for Studies in Management and Planning ISSN: 2395-0463
Available at http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ Volume 03 Issue 04
March 2017
Available online: http://edupediapublications.org/journals/index.php/JSMaP/ Page 85
women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years)
who were married or in a union satisfied their
need for family planning by using modern
contraceptive methods. Only three in four
births took place with the assistance of a
skilled birth attendant.
Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable
quality education and promote lifelong
learning opportunities for all
Goal 4 aims to ensure that all people have
access to quality education and the
opportunity for lifelong learning. The Goal
goes beyond school enrolment and looks at
proficiency levels, the availability of trained
teachers and adequate school facilities, and
disparities in education outcomes.
Surveys undertaken between 2007 and 2015
in selected countries show that children and
adolescents from the richest 20 per cent of
households achieved greater proficiency in
reading than those from the poorest 20 per
cent of households, and urban children scored
higher in reading than rural children.
Data from 38 countries in developed regions
show that, in the majority of these countries,
at least 75 per cent of young people achieved
at least minimum proficiency in reading
and/or mathematics; the same was true for
only 5 of the 22 countries with data in
developing regions.
Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and
empower all women and girls
Gender inequality persists worldwide,
depriving women and girls of their basic
rights and opportunities. Achieving gender
equality and the empowerment of women and
girls will require more vigorous efforts,
including legal frameworks, to counter deeply
rooted gender-based discrimination often
resulting from patriarchal attitudes and
related social norms.
According to surveys undertaken around
2015 in 30 countries where the practice of
female genital mutilation is concentrated,
over a third (35 per cent) of girls between the
ages of 15 and 19 had been subjected to the
procedure.
In 2016, the number of women speakers of
parliament increased from 43 to 49 (out of the
273 posts globally); women accounted for 18
per cent of all speakers of parliament in
January 2016.
Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation for all
